食品廣告對孩童所帶來的影響
Review of Research on the Effects of Food Promotion to Children

The amount of food delivery app has grown rapidly in last two years.
近兩年內，外送食物的 App 不斷的蓬勃發展。

My interest in the problem waned.
我對那個問題的興趣減弱了。

The general reinforced the fort with more troops.
將軍派更多的軍隊增援要塞。

In contrast with his brothers, Tom is rather short.
Tom 的身高和他的兄弟相比算是相當矮。

He came up with good ideas for the product promotion.
他想出一個推廣產品的好方法。

Children are easily influenced by their peer.
孩子很容易受身邊的同儕影響。

I'll tackle the boss for a raise.
我將與老板交涉要求加薪。

The newspaper's exposure of their crimes led to their arrest.
報紙揭露了他們的罪行，這些人因而被逮補。

The candidate sent his wife as a proxy to attend the fundraising dinner.
那位候選人派出他的太太當代表出席募款餐會。

He consumes a large amount of rice in every meal.
他每一餐都要消耗掉很多飯量。

Review of Research on the Effects of Food Promotion to Children

This review was commissioned by the Food Standards Agency to examine the current research evidence on:
• the extent and nature of food promotion to children
• the effect, if any, that this promotion has on their food knowledge, preferences and behavior.

Children’s food promotion is dominated by television advertising, and the great majority of this promotes the so-called ‘Big Four’of breakfast cereals, soft-drinks, confectionary and savoury snacks. In the last ten years, advertising for fast food outlets has rapidly increased. There is some evidence that the dominance of television has recently begun to wane. The importance of strong, global branding reinforces a need for multi-faceted communications combining television with merchandising, ‘tie-ins’ and point of sale activity. The advertised diet contrasts sharply with that recommended by public health advisors, and themes of fun and fantasy or taste, rather than health and nutrition, are used to promote it to children. Meanwhile, the recommended diet gets little promotional support.

There is plenty of evidence that children notice and enjoy food promotion. However, establishing whether this actually influences them is a complex problem. The review tackled it by looking at studies that had examined possible effects on what children know about food, their food preferences, their actual food behaviour (both buying and eating), and their health outcomes (e.g. obesity or cholesterol levels). The majority of studies examined food advertising, but a few examined other forms of food promotion. In terms of nutritional knowledge, food advertising seems to have little influence on children’s general perceptions of what constitutes a healthy diet, but, in certain contexts, it does have an effect on more specific types of nutritional knowledge. For example, seeing soft drink and cereal adverts reduced primary aged children’s ability to determine correctly whether or not certain products contained real fruit.

The review also found evidence that food promotion influences children’s food preferences and their purchase behaviour. A study of primary school children, for instance, found that exposure to advertising influenced which foods they claimed to like; and another showed that labelling and signage on a vending machine had an effect on what was bought by secondary school pupils…