溝通技巧與衝突化解
The Future of the World’s Language

出題日期
2017/05/07
命中課本
菁英雅思機經「語言交流與語言學」
延伸閱讀
劍雅 12-2-3 The Benefits of Being Bilingual
中文說明

溝通技巧與衝突化解追朔到希波克拉底(古希臘)時代,人們曾透過個人特質、脾氣和性格(脾性)的分類,去嘗試了解他人。希波克拉底相信有四種不同的體液影響了四種不同的脾性。他的研究在 500 年後被 Galen 更深入鑽研。直到今日,已經有許多受到 Galen 理論影響的自我評估工具出現,儘管現在我們已不再相信那四種體液在支配著我們的性格系統。自我評測的價值在於幫助確認、探討一個人的性格、溝通模式、衝突管理及其他各種獨立面向,這些有助於解決人際關係裡的性格衝突 ...…

高分單字
1. temperament n. 氣質;氣息

He has a romantic temperament.
他富有浪漫的氣息。

2. conflict n. 衝突;分歧;爭論

This is an irreconcilable conflict.
這是一個不可調和的矛盾。

3. dominate v.支配;統治

The Roman Empire had dominated the Mediterranean once long time ago.
羅馬帝國在很久以前曾經統治整個地中海地區。

4. assessment n. 評估;估價

The final offer is the result of the fully assessment by the consultants.
這份最終的報價是由顧問們全面評估後所產生的結果。

5. fluid n. 液體;流質

All liquids and gases are fluids.
所有液體與氣體都是流質的。

6. determine v. 確定;決定;影響

He was determined to win the game.
他決心要贏得那場比賽。

7. aspect n. 方面;層面

There are many unbelievable aspects to this theory.
這個理論有許多不可信的地方。

8. depersonalize v. 使非個性化

In some parents’ opinion, wearing uniform depersonalize children from their creativities.
在一些家長的觀點中,穿制服抹煞了孩子們的想像力。

9. invigorate v. 使活力充沛;使活躍

We’re invigorated by the fresh air in the morning.
我們被晨間的新鮮空氣喚醒了活力。

10. evoke v. 引起;喚起

That smell always evokes memories of my hometown.
那種氣味經常喚起我對故鄉的回憶。

看出題原文

Communicating Styles and Conflict


Knowing your communication style and having a mix of styles on your team can provide a positive force for resolving conflict.


Section A
As far back as Hippocrates’ time (460-370 B.C.) people have tried to understand other people by characterizing them according to personality type or temperament. Hippocrates believed there were four different body fluids that influenced four basic types of temperament. His work was further developed 500 years later by Galen (130-200 A.D.). These days there are any number of self-assessment tools that relate to the basic descriptions developed by Galen, although we no longer believe the source to be the types of body fluid that dominate our systems.


Section B
The values in self-assessments that help determine personality style, learning styles, communication styles, conflict-handling styles, or other aspects of individuals is that they help depersonalize conflict in interpersonal relationships. The depersonalization occurs when you realize that others aren’t trying to be difficult, but they need different or more information than you do. They’re not intending to be rude: they are so focused on the task they forget about greeting people. They would like to work faster but not at the risk of damaging the relationships needed to get the job done. They understand there is a job to do, but it can only be done right with the appropriate information, which takes time to collect. When used appropriately, understanding communication styles can help resolve conflict on teams. Very rarely are conflicts true personality issues. Usually they are issues of style, information needs, or focus.

完整文章內容,請參閱菁英機經教材課本。

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